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发表于 2023-5-24 09:26:04
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Polymerisation catalysts, alkylating agents，n-Butyllithium
n-Butyllithium is a common organic compound with the molecular formula C4H9Li. It can be used as a strong basic reagent and is commonly used in the preparation of carboxylic acid derivatives in organic synthesis reactions.
In organic reactions, n-butyllithium is a very useful basic reagent as it is a very strong base and can help facilitate many important organic reactions. Due to its high reactivity, it can be used in many kinds of reactions, such as coupling alkyl and aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons with the heterocyclic compound toluene thiazole to give a variety of organic compounds. In addition, it can be used to produce coordination compounds and provides excellent nucleophilicity in organic reactions.
In addition, in the polymer field, n-butyllithium can also be used to initiate polymerisation reactions, such as ethylene polymerisation, acrylate polymerisation, etc.
Uses:
n-Butyllithium solution is mainly used as pharmaceutical intermediates, anionic polymerization initiator in organic reaction catalysts, and also used in pesticides, synthetic rubber, flavor synthesis, liquid crystal materials and other industries and fields.
Uses:
Butyl lithium is very widely used in organic synthesis, growing the carbon chain, is a relatively basic laboratory use products.
1, metallization reaction: R-H + n-Butyl-Li → R-Li + Butane, the resulting substance alkyl Chemicalbook lithium can be reacted with a variety of substances.
2, direct metallization reaction: aromatic compounds connected to the substituent and n-butyl lithium reaction, lithium metal can be connected to the aromatic compound.
3、Nucleophilic addition and substitution reactions
4、Halogen-metal substitution
Precautions for use n-butyllithium is a versatile anionic polymerization initiator, in recent years there have been repeated reports of explosions and fires caused by butyllithium. So in the use of butyllithium in the experiment how to operate to avoid these tragedies?
(1) Butyllithium is highly susceptible to spontaneous combustion in the presence of air, and the tip of the needle will spark in the air when measured; (2) The whole process must be protected by inert gas, and special attention must be paid to safety;
(3) When butyllithium is on fire, sand and soil must be used to extinguish the fire. Sand must be kept within easy reach to extinguish the fire;
(4) When preparing and using butyllithium, it is best not to operate it alone, so that one person cannot deal with it in the event of an accident;
(5) n-Butyllithium is a particularly strong nucleophilic reagent, which can initiate anionic polymerisation, and should be stored at low temperature away from light and water in plastic or rubber containers;
(6) The reaction system using butyllithium and solvents etc. should be strictly anhydrous and oxygen-free;
(7) Butyllithium should not get on or drip onto flammable substances (e.g. acetone in a cold bath in DuChemicalbook tile products);
(8) If the needle becomes blocked during the extraction of butyllithium (solids in front of the needle or rubber shavings from the counter-port plug get lodged in the needle hole when the air is humid), be calm and tell the person accompanying you to handle the situation properly;
(9) If any butyl lithium drips onto the table or floor, do not be nervous and cover it immediately with asbestos cloth or sand. Do not drip onto clothing or into solvents;
(10) For larger quantities it is recommended that the butyllithium be added slowly dropwise to the reaction system using a dry, clean stainless steel catheter directly through a slight positive pressure of a suitable inert gas at a controlled flow rate, interrupted at any time by timely pumping of the stainless steel catheter from below the level of the butyllithium to above the level of the liquid;
(11) The rate of addition of butyllithium should be strictly controlled; if the weather is slightly humid, the portion of the frozen bottle exposed above the surface of the dry ice - acetone bath will have a thick frost on its outer wall, making it essentially impossible to observe clearly the rapidity of the reaction in the reaction bottle.
Essential details
CAS No.: 109-72-8
Other Names: Butyllithium
MF: C4H9Li
Place of Origin: China
Purity: 99%
Model Number: 109-72-8
Applications chemical
Appearance: Clear yellow solution
Product name: n-Butyllithium
CAS: 109-72-8
Boiling point: 60-80 ºC
Melting point: -95 °C
Flash point: -21 ºC
Shelf life: 2 Years
Sample: Available
Storage: Cool Dry Place
Grade: Industrail Grad
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